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USABC Awards $6.5M Li-Ion Technology Development Contract To EnerDel
18 September 2007
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| EnerDel 5Ah cell battery pack. Click to enlarge. |
The United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC), an organization whose members are Chrysler LLC, Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation, has awarded a $6.5 million lithium-ion battery technology development contract to Ener1’s EnerDel subsidiary.
USABC awarded the contract in collaboration with the US Department of Energy (DOE) to develop lithium battery technology for hybrid-electric vehicle applications. The 18-month contract, valued at $6.5 million, is the second of a three-phase USABC program and requires a 50% cost share. EnerDel successfully completed Phase I in June. (Earlier post.)
Under the full, three-phase program, EnerDel is working to develop a fully integrated battery system for use in hybrid vehicle applications. The USABC program aims to produce a cost-competitive, lithium-ion battery that is lighter, smaller and higher in power than existing battery technologies for hybrid electric vehicles.
EnerDel’s Phase II contract involves development focused on scaling up to a production caliber cell, lifetime testing and evaluation, and demonstrating the technology in battery modules.
EnerDel has developed its own lithium titanate (titanium oxide, “LTO”) anode material in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for HEV applications. The company has also developed a hard carbon (HC) anode lithium-ion high capacity battery that it will target at plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) applications. For the cathode, EnerDel uses manganese spinel (LiMn2O4, “LMO”). EnerDel uses a flat prismatic cell design.
The 5Ah LTO-type cell carries a nominal voltage of 2.5V; the 5Ah HC-type cell carries a nominal voltage of 3.6V.
| Current USABC Contracted Li-Ion Developers for HEV Applications | ||
|---|---|---|
| Company | Cathode | Anode |
| A123Systems | FePO4 | Graphite |
| CPI | LMO | Graphite |
| EnerDel | LMO | LTO |
| JCS | LNO | Graphite |
USABC has also awarded development contracts to three other companies: Johnson Controls/Saft (JCS); A123Systems; and Compact Power (CPI).
USABC is a consortium of the United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR). Supported by a cooperative agreement with the DOE that provides up to 50% of the USABC budget, USABC’s mission is to develop electrochemical energy storage technologies that support commercialization of fuel cell, hybrid and electric vehicles.
Founded in 1992, the United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) is the umbrella organization for collaborative research among Chrysler, Ford and GM.
Resources:
September 18, 2007 in Batteries, Hybrids | Permalink | Comments (8) | TrackBack (0)
Comments
Posted by: doggydogworld | September 18, 2007 at 08:22 AM
Chrysler LLC, Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation..... sounds political to me.
Where is Valence on the list. To me they are one of the top contenders with real customers.
Posted by: john | September 18, 2007 at 08:37 AM
Not surprising that they are looking at Titanium anodes for HEVs. If the EnerDel batteries results are similar to those of Altair then they will get very good power density ratings and cycle life specs that are so useful in HEVs. Better power density gives better regen capabilities and helps reduce the size of the required batter. Better cycle life removes the necessity of making the battery bigger than necessary to avoid deep cycles.
Posted by: Neil | September 18, 2007 at 09:27 AM
This seems awfully late in the game. ABC has been in existence more than ten years and they have yet to produce a viable product. The EV1 used plain ol' Pb-acid batteries. Heel dragging, petro-influenced, non-productive consortiums can expect to lose confidence and funding if they cannot yield good quality results in the near term.
Had independent, private sector been given the ABC mandate - I expect we'd have gotten Li titanate technology for EV1 (so GM could squander it).
Posted by: gr | September 18, 2007 at 03:01 PM
"The 5Ah LTO-type cell carries a nominal voltage of 2.5V; the 5Ah HC-type cell carries a nominal voltage of 3.6V."
The voltage of the LTO cells is rather low - you'd have to connect a lot of those cells in series. Titanium has really bad electrical conductivity -about 3.1% of copper- so I'm not overly surprised.
Posted by: AES | September 19, 2007 at 12:42 AM
Okay, did some rough math to figure out the energy density of these cells.
Enerdel's site has a figure showing the relative mass and volume of a conventional NiMH pack for HEVs compared with that of a hypothetical pack built using Enerdel cells. If you assume that this is a pack from something like a Prius, the NiMH cells can hold ~45Wh/kg. So this 36kg NiMH pack must hold 1.62 Wh. If the Enerdel pack holds the same amount of energy using only 23kg,
(1620Wh)/(23kg)= ~70Wh/kg.
Posted by: AES | September 19, 2007 at 05:51 PM
Does anyone know if a technology forecast for energy densities of Li-ion for 0-15 years out has been published or studied yet?
Thanks!
Matt
Posted by: Matt | September 22, 2007 at 01:02 PM
A lot of research is being focused towards "safer" chemistries, so the energy densities of LiFePO4 cells are probably going to steadily increase. The same probably is going to apply for oxide-based chemistries given the demands of the electronics industry, although I'm not sure how much room there is for improvement without compromising safety.
Some companies are interested in lithium-sulphur chemistries which have extremely high energy density (300-400Wh/kg and above). Last I heard these experimental cells had "acceptable" safety characteristics - take that with a grain of salt.
Posted by: AES | September 23, 2007 at 10:38 PM
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I did not realize EnerDel was also pursuing lithium titanate anodes. That's AltairNano's claim to fame. EnerDel's numbers are not nearly as spectacular, but at least they're working with real companies.
When will Johnson/Saft start making noise?