Waste-to-Hydrogen Startup Wants to Add Fischer-Tropsch Diesel to the Mix
22 October 2006
Journal Gazette. ForeverGreen Enterprises, a startup company developing a plasma-based waste gasification system designed to produce hydrogen, wants to add the production of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel to a $100-million plant it is planning to build in Indiana.
ForeverGreen’s Progressive Molecular Dissociation process uses the plasma to produce a syngas consisting of a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, plus small amounts of methane. For hydrogen production, the syngas is cleaned, reformed and then put through the water-gas shift process to convert carbon monoxide to hydrogen.
For F-T diesel production, ForeverGreen would send syngas through an F-T reactor and process.
ForeverGreen is designing its plants to be scalable, based on the use of production modules. Each module is targeted to handle about 500 tons of waste per day. ForeverGreen anticipates full-scale production plants handling between 2,000 to 5,000 tons per day. Each module will produce about 30,000 kg of hydrogen per day (about 12.6 million standard cubic feet per day), according to ForeverGreen.
ForeverGreen’s business plan includes charging other firms for the disposal of their industrial waste, thereby improving the plant’s revenues. The company is in talks with the Department of Defense and other federal agencies to secure financial assistance to build the plant, as well as hunting for private investors.
Earlier this month, the London Hydrogen Partnership released a report that concludes it would be theoretically possible for the city of London to generate 141 metric tons of hydrogen per day from waste, using both gasification/pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion of all municipal and commercial waste. The daily 141 tonnes could potentially fuel a fleet of 13,750 fuel-cell hybrid and hydrogen hybrid internal combustion engine buses. (Earlier post.)
With the amount of resources placed in landfills AND the amount of toxic materials plasma will convert/breakdown into usable syngas, we as a society should push plasma agressively. My idea is a series of plasma converters eating landfills using a refrigerant gas to recapture the condenser and exhaust gas heat from electricity production. The refrigerant would power it's own turbine and then feed those cooled exhaust gases through algae to reclaim the CO2. Using this during the day and having energy storage devices for nightime would be more CO2 efficient. Some companies claim 80% CO2 recapture with algae during the daytime and claims of 10,000 to 150,000 gallons per year per acre of oil.
Posted by: Andy | 22 October 2006 at 11:39 AM
Sorry, should have read... 10,000 to 150,000 gallons per/year per/acre of oil from algae.
Posted by: Andy | 22 October 2006 at 12:18 PM
"..to convert carbon monoxide to hydrogen."
I think we covered this. The shift reaction makes CO2 and H2.
Posted by: SJC | 22 October 2006 at 12:35 PM
I seems to me that there could be a substantial energy cost in separating and pulverising suitable material as well as electricity for the the plasma torch. A comparison of energy and material balances should be done on this approach compared to straight in situ methane.
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