Such materials, they note, are promising electrode materials due to their synergic properties arising from integrating multi-nanocomponents, each tailored to address a different demand (e.g., high energy density, high conductivity, and excellent mechanical stability).

...we discuss these heterogeneous nanomaterials based on their structural complexity: zero-dimensional (0-D) (e.g. core–shell nanoparticles), one-dimensional (1-D) (e.g. coaxial nanowires), two-dimensional (2-D) (e.g. graphene based composites), three-dimensional (3-D) (e.g. mesoporous carbon based composites) and the even more complex hierarchical 3-D nanostructured networks.

—Liu et al.

The authors propose a future 3-D heterogeneous nanostructure as a goal toward developing ideal nano-architectured electrodes for future electrochemical energy storage devices.

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Resources

• Ran Liu, Jonathon Duay and Sang Bok Lee (2010) Heterogeneous nanostructured electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. Chem. Commun. doi: 10.1039/C0CC03158E