Toyota Motor Corp exhibits biotechnology and greening technologies; new xylose-fermenting yeast for cellulosic ethanol
03 October 2011
Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) held an event at its Toyota Biotechnology and Afforestation Laboratory in Aichi prefecture to showcase technologies developed there as part of its biotechnology and afforestation businesses. Technology on display included a newly developed yeast that increases the production yield of cellulosic ethanol, new technologies for the greening of parking lots and walls, and a new “cool-spot creation technology” for simulating and analyzing the effects of greening.
Engineered yeast for cellulosic ethanol. TMC, through the use of gene recombination technology, has recently developed a new strain of yeast that is not only highly efficient at fermenting xylose but also highly resistant to such fermentation-inhibiting substances as acetic acid. Fermentation of xylose, one of the sugars produced when plant fibers are broken down in the enzymatic saccharification process, is normally difficult to achieve with naturally occurring yeasts.
TMC says that its newly developed yeast has achieved one of the highest ethanol fermentation density levels in the world—according to its survey—(approximately 47 g/liter), and is expected to improve biofuel yield and significantly reduce production costs.
TMC, with the goal of reducing CO2 emissions and responding to the growing need for diverse sources of energy, is working on developing renewable energy sources such as biofuels in addition to its work in developing vehicles. TMC is focusing on cellulosic ethanol, which is produced from non-edible plants that have significantly less impact on world food supplies.
Research is underway on developing technologies for the various processes involved in producing cellulosic ethanol, including raw material pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification and yeast fermentation. Aiming to achieve production-cost parity with other liquid fuels such as gasoline, TMC is striving to achieve a stable supply of raw-material plant fibers as well as technologies that reduce production costs.
Ultimately, TMC plans to further improve biofuel production yield and to cooperate with energy companies to realize its goal of commercializing cellulosic ethanol by 2020.
New technology for urban greening and greening-effect simulation. To aid in reducing the effects of urban heat-island phenomenon, TMC has been working on urban greening products, both rooftop and indoor. Two newly developed urban greening products—Smart Green Parking, for the greening of parking areas, and a new wire-based Smart Green Wall—will be sold through Toyota Roof Garden Corporation, starting today. TMC hopes to meet a wider range of urban greening needs through this expansion of its greening product line.
| Overview of Newly Launched TMC Greening Technologies | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Product name | Smart Green Parking | Smart Green Wall | ||||
| Components | Main panels (bricks and path-reinforcement material), greening plants (TMC-developed TM9 grass, Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawler (dwarf Japanese snake’s beard), thyme, moss phlox, etc.) | Wire rolls, tension-adjusters, wire-end adjusters, and climbing plants | ||||
| Characteristics |
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| Effects (According to TMC) |
Achieves temperature of 35 °C on sunny summer days, approximately 15 °C cooler than asphalt surfaces (50 °C) |
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| Standard specifications | Total length: 5,000 mm Total width: 2,500 mm |
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| Suggested retail price (varies by location and installation conditions) |
Starting from ¥222,000 (Price per parking space in a four-space parking lot; excluding grading and foundation preparation work) |
Starting at ¥18,000 (US$234) yen/m2 | ||||
| Sales target | 1,000 units/year (2014) | 10,000 m2/year (2014) | ||||
TMC’s Toyota Biotechnology and Afforestation Laboratory is also developing “cool-spot creation technology” for simulating the effects of greening and predicting the cooling effects of shade and transpiration created by trees. TMC, in conjunction with Tokyo Institute of Technology, developed a method of accurately measuring the amount of transpiration from trees and is building a model for predicting the surface temperature of trees. Through use of this model together with thermal environmental simulators, TMC aims to achieve a visual simulation of greening effects that can determine the types, numbers, and positioning of trees needed to achieve the desired cooling effect. This cool spot formation technology is aimed for commercialization by the end of 2012.
Going forward, TMC plans to link its urban greening technologies and products with smart grids that will become key in building the cities of the future. By doing so, TMC hopes to enhance the functionalities of its greening systems and promote them widely to help build low-carbon houses and cities.
Is Toyota moving away from future higher efficiency vehicles?
Posted by: HarveyD | 03 October 2011 at 08:55 AM