With lessons learned from the mishaps of road transportation and regulatory policies emerging from a single governing body, ICAO, the aviation industry is well-positioned to meet emissions targets. In the estimated $300-billion jet fuel market in 2050, Neste and Honeywell UOP will be winners over the short term, while renewable diesel producers UPM and Renewable Energy Group will be mid-term winners, and companies like Ensyn and Licella will be long-term winners.

—Yuan-Sheng Yu, Lux Research Analyst and lead author

Lux Research analysts studied the biojet fuel landscape against 2050 targets for CO₂ emissions, and evaluated the main companies involved in the development of novel fuel types. Among their findings:

• Technology shifts over time. Of the four ASTM-certified pathways for biojet fuel, and an additional four under review, HEFA, or hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids, is the only viable short-term option while HDCJ, or hydrotreated depolymerized cellulosic jet, will be the long-term winner.

• Honeywell UOP, Boeing are global flag-bearers. Honeywell UOP and Boeing are the undisputed global leaders since the CAAFI biojet initiative was launched in 2006. Honeywell has 333 unique relationships and 13 different initiatives, and with AltAir, operates the first commercial-scale biojet fuel plant. Boeing has established 279 unique ties and 20 initiatives, and has focus on Japan, United Arab Emirates and Mexico.

• Aircraft and other innovations matter. New aircraft models using lightweight materials have been instrumental in 1.5% annual fuel efficiency improvements since 2010. Other measures that will help the industry include lightweight cabin gear, seat design, taxiing on one engine, scheduling of flights in optimal conditions and improved air traffic controls.