European Parliament and Council reach deal on reducing CO2 emissions for new heavy-duty vehicles
BMW Manufacturing to bring Figure general purpose humanoid robots into Spartanburg plant

Hycamite begins construction of Customer Sample Facility for thermocatalytic decomposition of methane to hydrogen and carbon

Hycamite, the developer of a proprietary process for the thermocatalytic decomposition (TCD) of methane to produce hydrogen and solid carbon (earlier post) has begun construction of the new Customer Sample Facility (CSF) building in Kokkola, Finland.

Hycamite has developed a family of catalysts that lowers the temperature needed for methane pyrolysis compared to older methane pyrolysis methods. It also increases the quality of the solid carbon obtained from hydrocarbon splitting.

The Hycamite process releases no emissions into the atmosphere, the catalysts are sustainable, and the technology requires only 13% of the energy needed to produce hydrogen with electrolysis.

The construction phase at Kokkola Industrial Park (KIP) was launched at the beginning of January 2024 after receiving all the necessary permits from the authorities. No appeals were received by the end of the appeal period. The orders for the equipment were placed in 2023.

Hycamite’s CSF is intended to demonstrate the viability of the new methane-splitting technology for clean hydrogen and industrial-quality solid carbon production. The nominal capacity of the CSF will reach 2,000 tons of hydrogen and 6,000 tons of high-quality carbon per year once the project is fully completed.

The decarbonization capacity of the CSF can be up to 18,000 tons per year when liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used, and with biomethane, carbon removals can also occur. LNG is shipped from Norway using the Kokkola LNG terminal, and biomethane is provided from Finland.

The new CSF will be built near the Hycamite headquarters and the small test facility. KIP is northern Europe’s largest ecosystem of the inorganic chemical industry, where several companies leading in the chemical and metal processing industries operate.

Comments

Davemart

' the technology requires only 13% of the energy needed to produce hydrogen with electrolysis.'

Wow.

Davemart

I just had a look at their site, and I like it a lot, as it provides proper figures.

So for instance:
https://hycamite.com/technology

I was wondering about the claim of 13% of the energy needed compared to electrolysis, and they answer the question, without fandancing.

They give the energy needed for electrolysis per kg of hydrogen as 52KWh, which is ballpark right, and say they need 6-10KWh..

And here:

https://hycamite.com/hydrogen-production

In their ' Lifecycle emissions of different hydrogen production technologies'

They show hydrogen production by electrolysis using renewable energy as releasing 0.2 kg of CO2 per Kg of Hydrogen, less than their technology at 0.59kg of CO2 using renewable energy and LNG unless biofuel is used.

I like it when there is not a pretence that a tech is the best at everything, or anything less than perfect is simply not mentioned.

On the pluses elsewhere on the site they say that it can be put in right where it is needed, ie it does not have to have a gigantic facility:

' Hycamite’s process can be added to any type of existing industrial plant that uses natural gas as a fuel or raw material. Hycamite plants can also be built in any size to meet industry hydrogen needs.'

https://hycamite.com/hydrogen-production

So all the hassle of transporting and storing hydrogen in large quantities is avoided.

I await the cost information - I do hope it is not overly dependent on selling the carbon by-products.

SJC

This is a good technique use the carbon to make carbon fiber for car body panels very strong.

Gryf

According to this source:
“ Current estimates (depending on the cost of carbon) put the cost of hydrogen from methane pyrolysis at $2,600 to $3,200 per ton of hydrogen, as compared to steam methane reforming, which is around $2,000 per ton. ”
https://www.third-derivative.org/blog/hydrogen-produced-from-methane-pyrolysis-key-considerations-for-investors#:~:text=Current%20estimates%20(depending%20on%20the,is%20around%20%242%2C000%20per%20ton.
This may be a slightly different Methane Pyrolysis if this uses the Aurora Hydrogen process which is microwave pyrolysis. They claim a 80% reduction in electricity compared to Electrolysis, which is a similar reduction to Hycamite.
Also, this may include the sale of the Carbon (all the cost breakdowns are not listed).
However, it does appear to be close to the cost of SMR even without Carbon Capture.

SJC

Carbon may not sell for much, in electrolysis if kilo of hydrogen sells for $5
5 lbs of oxygen might sell for 50 cents, so it's not a real money maker.

Davemart

The problem with working out the economics of this is that the by-products would be in very large quantity, way beyond established demand.

I could come up with virtually any projected costs that whoever was buying it fancied, by assuming a very large market for the high end produces such as carbon fibre, when these markets are not currently established, by their nature, as we did not have the supply!

So it is a chicken and egg situation, with a lot of the by-products such as reinforcements for concrete of very low value.

In reality, many companies are simply blagging it, with fake emission reduction targets, so that for instance many oil and gas companies are pressing on with fossil fuel projects, which may be uneconomic with the falling cost of renewables, but they rely on the politicians they have just bought to say that their investments cannot possibly be allowed to go to waste, so unfortunately they will have to continue to produce fossil fuels, even if they are more expensive than renewables.

As Gryf said:
' Also, this may include the sale of the Carbon (all the cost breakdowns are not listed)'

and there is the rub.

Roger Brown

On their web site Hycamite talks about the possibility of using methane as a carrier for renewable hydrogen. That is you could take renewable hydrogen and combine with CO2 via the reaction:

CO2 + 4H2 ==> CH4 +2H2O

The CH4 is then transported the site of use and pyrolized to hydrogen and carbon:

CH4 ==> 2H2 + C

There are two problems with this scheme. The first is that you lose half of the hydrogen so that cost is doubled based on efficiency alone. In addition you have to add the cost of the pyrolysis.

Secondly each time you synthesize a fresh batch of CH4 you need a fresh batch of CO2 which, in the long run cannot come from fossil sources.

One possibility for CO2 recycling would be to use the carbon in direct carbon fuel cells (DCFC). The electricity could be fed into the pyrolysis process and the CO2 could be collected from the DCFSs and shipped back to the methane synthesis site. As with any CO2 recycling proposal if the recycling efficiency is less than 100% then some amount of CO2 must be supplied either from biological capture of from direct capture from the atmosphere.

The economic practicality of such a scheme is doubtful, but it at least satisfies the technical requirements of a zero emissions hydrogen carrier system.

Davemart

Hi Roger!
Great contribution, which has looked at the process to make a detailed critique!

However:

' CO2 + 4H2 ==> CH4 +2H2O

The CH4 is then transported the site of use and pyrolized to hydrogen and carbon:

CH4 ==> 2H2 + C

There are two problems with this scheme. The first is that you lose half of the hydrogen so that cost is doubled based on efficiency alone. In addition you have to add the cost of the pyrolysis.'

The hydrogen is not lost, half of it just needs further processing, presumably by electroylis, so good catch to note that.

Without getting too far into the weeds, for which I have neither the info nor the expertise do to to any effect, it might be that the process heat can contribute to the further electrolysis, so the overall efficiency it not half, as you say on first blush, but something more than 3/4ths or so.

And:

' Secondly each time you synthesize a fresh batch of CH4 you need a fresh batch of CO2 which, in the long run cannot come from fossil sources.'

Loads of sources of CO2 which are currently simply vented, and of course bioCO2 has the potential to be actually CO2 negative.

Great critique though!

Davemart

@SJC said:

' 5 lbs of oxygen might sell for 50 cents, so it's not a real money maker.'

Very true. However, that does not mean it is useless:

https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/ikea-group-plans-one-of-the-worlds-biggest-offshore-wind-to-hydrogen-hubs-to-re-oxygenate-baltic-waters/2-1-1584528

' The developer and retail duo has also applied for a pilot project to oxygenate the Baltic Sea. Oxygen is a by-product of hydrogen production and can be used to oxygenate the waters surrounding the project, thereby contributing to restoring marine life in an area with oxygen deficiency.'

Instead of simply venting it.

OTOH, who really cares about the ecology of the marine environment?

Not the big boys, turning out most of the analysis we see, certainly.

Davemart

Posted in the wrong place.

Apologies,

Davemart

Nope, my post was in the right place!

Don't get old, people!

SJC

The technique of making synthetic jet fuel at the natural gas processing plant has real merit you're getting half of it CO2 and half of it is methane there's some butane and propane but you can sell that for pretty good price. What you need to CO2 to make a hydrocarbon chain or like a C12 so you can make synthetic fuels pretty cost-effectively.

Shell Pearl in the Middle East a 20 billion dollar installation is turning natural gas into jet fuel they're getting the natural gas for free from the country the country is getting a take at the end when they sell to distribution it's been running for a decade very profitable.

Davemart

As I have noted it seems to me that most of the suggested pathways to low or zero emission SAF are pretty fake, in that the primarily biological sources are can't be produced in the needed volumes, and as for DAC of the CO2 component.......
Massive subsidies are needed to bring about this wholly ineffective non-solution, to enable long distance air travel .

I wondered if there are other more realistic pathways:

https://rhg.com/research/sustainable-aviation-fuels/

' Electrofuels, also referred to as “power-to-liquids,” are another type of drop-in fuel produced using green hydrogen (H2) and sustainable CO2 via point-source capture or direct air capture (DAC). Like the advanced biofuel pathways, the PtL process can also be used to produce a series of clean fuels. PtL involves the conversion of syngas into SAF via a FT reaction. However, the syngas is produced from either green H2 and captured CO2 via a reverse water-gas-shift reaction or directly via co-electrolysis using solid oxide electrolysis cells and clean electricity.'

Seems to be about it.

About the only way I can see that working, eventually, is if natural hydrogen with its very cheap costs is available as a large resource in lots of places.

SJC

The idea of making SAF from palm oil and cutting down rain forests it is not the way to go.
Rather than sustainable aviation fuel I refer to it as synthetic aviation fuel. We use biocarbon and wind solar hydrogen, sell the oxygen for medical industrial, life is good.

Davemart

Hi SJC

My sticking point is 'where is the biocarbon to come from?'

There does not seem to be a plan to produce that in the quantities and cost to have any substantial effect.

SJC

The bio-carbon obviously comes from biomass there's a hundred million acres of corn stalks out there, you can make 10 billion gallons a year of jet fuel and not use any fossil carbon, piece of cake.

The comments to this entry are closed.