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Daimler Truck starts initial customer trials with five Mercedes-Benz GenH2 trucks

Daimler Truck is entering the next development phase of its fuel cell trucks. After a rigorous testing phase on the test track and public roads, the Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Trucks have now reached an advanced development stage for deployment in the first customer fleets.

At the Daimler Truck Test and Development Center in Woerth am Rhein, Martin Daum, Chairman of the Board of Management of Daimler Truck, celebrated the start of the initial customer trials of five Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Truck fuel cell prototype trucks in the presence of Hildegard Müller, President of the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA), with Air Products, Amazon, Holcim, INEOS and Wiedmann & Winz.

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These customers have the opportunity to gain practical experience in long-distance transport with fuel cell trucks at an early stage, during a trial phase of around one year. The Daimler Truck development team will acquire valuable insights into the real-life operations of trucks powered by liquid hydrogen, learns about specific customer requirements and can take them into account for series development.

The five GenH2 Trucks will be deployed in different long-haul applications on specific routes in Germany, such as the transport of building materials, sea containers or cylinder gases. During these first customer trials the vehicles will remain under the direct supervision and responsibility of the manufacturer. The trucks will be refueled at the designated liquid hydrogen filling stations (sLH2) in Woerth am Rhein (Rhineland-Palatinate) and in future also in the Duisburg area (North-Rhine Westphalia).

When it comes to decarbonizing transport, we are focusing on battery-electric and hydrogen-based drives. The transformation can only succeed if green energy is sufficiently and comprehensively available—and for this we need both technologies. With regard to hydrogen drives, we are now taking another important step towards series readiness: we are starting the trials of our Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Trucks in real-life daily transport operations with our customers. However, it is important to note that high-performance CO2-neutral vehicles alone will not be enough to make sustainable transportation successful. This also requires a corresponding charging and refueling infrastructure, as well as cost parity with conventional vehicles. Although policymakers and energy companies are already active here, we urgently need even more momentum, across entire Europe.

—Martin Daum, Chairman of the Board of Management of Daimler Truck

: “”

The five semi-trailer tractors will be used by customers in various long-haul applications throughout the trial period. Amazon will use the GenH2 Truck in its logistics operations in Germany, Air Products for the transport of cylinder gases, Wiedmann & Winz for sea containers, Holcim for building materials logistics, and VERVAEKE—the logistics company of INEOS—for PVC and vinyl transportation.

The development engineers of Daimler Truck have based the GenH2 Truck on the characteristics of the conventional Mercedes-Benz Actros long-haul truck in terms of payload, range and performance. The Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Trucks, which are used in these first customer trials, offer a payload of approximately 25 tons at a gross combination weight (GCW) of 40 tons. Two special liquid hydrogen tanks and a powerful fuel-cell system by cellcentric, the Joint Venture of Daimler Truck and Volvo Group, enable the high payload and long range. They represent the centerpiece of the GenH2 Truck.

The fuel-cell system of the GenH2 Truck delivers 300 kilowatts (2 x150 kW) and the battery provides an additional 400 kW temporarily. At 70 kWh, the storage capacity of the battery is relatively low, as it is not intended to meet energy needs, but mainly to be switched on to provide situational power support for the fuel cell, for example during peak loads while accelerating or while driving uphill fully loaded.

At the same time, the relatively light battery allows a higher payload. It is recharged with braking energy and excess fuel-cell energy. A core element of the sophisticated operating strategy of the fuel-cell and battery system is a cooling and heating system that keeps all components at a suitable operating temperature, thus ensuring maximum durability.

In a pre-series version, the two electric motors are designed for a total of 2 x 230 kW continuous power and 2 x 330 kW maximum power. The GenH2 Truck thereby delivers a torque of 2 x 1,577 Nm or 2 x 2,071 N·m.

The two stainless-steel liquid-hydrogen tanks of the GenH2 Truck have a particularly high storage capacity of 88 kilograms (44 kg each), suited for covering long distances. The stainless-steel tank system consists of two tubes, one within the other, that are vacuum isolated and connected to each other.

Daimler Truck prefers liquid hydrogen in the development of hydrogen-based drives. In this aggregate state the energy carrier has a significantly higher energy density. As a result, more hydrogen can be carried, which significantly increases the range and enables comparable performance of the vehicle with that of a conventional diesel truck. Transportation efforts can be significantly reduced with liquid hydrogen, and liquid hydrogen tanks also offer advantages in terms of cost and weight compared to compressed gaseous hydrogen. Thus, the use of liquid hydrogen enables a higher payload.

This makes the Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Truck just as suitable for flexible and demanding long-haul road transportation as conventional diesel trucks. In September 2023, Daimler Truck successfully demonstrated this when a public road approved prototype of the Mercedes-Benz GenH2 Truck completed the #HydrogenRecordRun, covering 1,047 km with one tank filling of liquid hydrogen on board.

Comments

Davemart

I await the posts saying ' But what does the near universal opinion of the trucking industry matter?'

Magic batteries will solve everything, including alopecia!

ron ingman

Their opinion does not matter.

When the issue is global, society is not led by truckers.

That is as they say " WAG THE DOG".

They will pass their costs on , just as they do now. When has this ever been any differnt.

Gasbag

In case you missed the near universal opinion of the trucking industry…,

https://advanced.edu/blog/whats-next-for-trucking/#:~:text=Trucking%20companies%20are%20learning%20to,upgrading%2C%20the%20future%20looks%20exciting.

Trucking companies are learning to be ready for anything by making their plans more flexible and smart.
In short, the future of trucking is all about using new tech and being kinder to the planet. While there are still some bumps in the road, like rules and roads that need upgrading, the future looks exciting

https://www.tenstreet.com/blog/about-tenstreet/the-future-of-trucking-top-trends-you-need-to-know

What Does the Future of Trucking Look Like?
Emerging technologies are driving the transportation industry forward and defining what the future of trucking will look like. Let’s look at what people can expect from trucking in the long term.
Electric Trucks
Future semi-trucks are expected to be all-electric. The gas-guzzling behemoths everyone is used to will become a thing of the past as environmental concerns take hold.
The trucking industry is responsible for a huge proportion of the carbon emissions caused by transport across the world. As electric vehicles become the norm, the truck of the future will be running on electricity, not gas.

[Note: In this context gas refers to liquid petrochemical fuels and not H2 or NG]


https://www.lytx.com/blog/the-future-of-the-trucking-industry-explained


Top trends emerging in the trucking industry
Electric vehicles
Electric passenger vehicles have been around for some time, and according to statistics from Automotive World, 2019 sales reached over 2.2 million units. For fleets in this space, the use of electric vehicles is likely to boom in the near future. Semi trucks for long haul journeys are not as easy to transition, however, so the development of electric trucking models will progress at a slower pace. 
The future of trucking may well involve electric vehicles, but long-haul trucking requires extensive battery capacity that cannot be met by current electric solutions. That said, some fleets that operate in urban or regional areas are beginning to look into electric models and manufacturers like Volvo, BYD, Daimler, and Paccar. These manufacturers have all been quick to develop trucks to meet the demand. 

———————————-
…and so on ad nauseam. It’s by pretty clear the industry isn’t set on any one approach which is great news for H2 fans because there is still a chance.

H2 FCs best chance at finding a transportation niche is in China but even there there is competition. Last year China added about 1k commercial H2 trucks while they added 15k battery trucks with swappable batteries.

Davemart

Gasbag

Yep, it’s batteries for short haul and hydrogen for long

Why do I say that when hydrogen for instance in the US is expensive and not available most places?

Because we are talking about trucking in general

The trucking industry in China alone is several times that in the US, and that is what that are doing, and putting hydrogen in the pumps for around $4.50kg or so for it

Just as anyone who is not looking at the proliferation of excellent Chinese BEV çars is not up to speed on the industry, so for hydrogen and long, not short, distance trucking

And whatever may be the case in the US, the filling network for hydrogen trucks in Europe is going right ahead

Gasbag

From my perspective the “nearly universal” opinion that you refer to is actually your personal opinion. I would posit that a meager 16k HDTs in China (1 million+ HDTs sold annually) is a clear indication that little has been settled in that market.

Apparently McKinsey and I are not in agreement with the nearly universal opinion. I am largely in agreement with McKinsey however I believe that battery technology and economics are adequate today to supplant diesel if combined with a well designed and standardized swapping system. That is the magic.

I also believe hydrogen has a largely ignored opportunity as a range extender though the majority of FC HDT prototypes I’ve seen include large batteries (40-140 miles of AER) and a plug.

https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/chinas-heavy-duty-truck-industry-the-road-ahead

Powertrain technologies in heavy-duty trucks

Technologies and infrastructure associated with battery-electric-vehicle (BEV) products are the most mature and may be the most widely adopted in the short term. Because currently available battery technology doesn’t have sufficient performance to provide the range or charging speed required for long-haul transport, applications of BEV technology would mostly be in short-haul and local transportation.
Hybrid heavy-duty trucks (HDTs) could meet the needs of medium-distance transportation as a transitional solution before new battery technology is ready for the market. However, the technology is not yet economically or environmentally viable for long-haul trucking.
Battery swaps show promise for long-haul trucking. The rapid development of battery swap options may stimulate the development of battery electric HDTs, especially since swapping time has been reduced to a mere two minutes. Two companies announced the launch of a battery swap HDT line in 2022, and another has sold 1,000 battery swap HDTs—a small but symbolically significant number—for use in mines.
Fuel cells may be another option. However, the technology is not yet mature, lacks supportive infrastructure, and has yet to hit upon a workable business model. We believe fuel cell HDTs are unlikely to reach widespread adoption before 2030.

Davemart

@Gasbag

Hydrogen for long haul truck:

Daimler
Volvo
Kenworth
Toyota
Hinari
Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd.
Dayun.
Dongfeng Motor Corporation.
FAW Group Corp., Ltd.
Great Wall Motor.
Hyundai Motor Company.
Hyzon Motors.
Nikola Corporation.

Roger Pham

Thank you, Davemart, for your contribution to this thread.
@Gasbag,
Hold your cheer leading for BEV trucks until you assess the environmental nightmares of disposing zillion tons of batteries, or even if recycling will be done on them, there will still be huge potential for toxic wastes to be released into the environment. Li battery recycling is neither easy nor efficient energy-wise, and the same for battery manufacturing, with a lot of very toxic substances including PFAS are know to be at very high level near battery manufacturing plants.

By contrast, the stainless steel LH2 tanks in those FC trucks can be used almost forever, and can be easily recycled at the end of their useful lifespan, and they cost very little to manufacture. Truly a big environmental contrast between BEV trucks and FC trucks.

Davemart

Hi Gasbag.

You argued:
' From my perspective the “nearly universal” opinion that you refer to is actually your personal opinion'

Surely what counts is not what our opinions are, but what evidence we can provide to back it up?

I have provided substantial although not comprehensive lists of the truck companies who are engaged in developing hydrogen for trucking.

Why would they bother with the expense of that, if they thought that their battery tech could fully cover the sector, as all of them have that to hand?

The only hold outs that I am aware of were in the VAG group, with the 'party line' at VW being batteries everywhere for everything, which incidentally in the passenger segment has helped lead them to now having around 2 million fewer sales than Toyota, with their broader approach, from being level pegging before that.

But now both Mann and Scania have announced hydrogen trucking programs.

So If my assertion that hydrogen is not the near universal option chosen by the trucking industry for long distance heavy haul, please provide your data to show which companies are not doing that.

There will still be huge numbers of BEV trucks, as that is what everyone has gone for for shorter distances and lighter loads. I trust you are happy with that generalisation! ;-)

Davemart

@Gasbag

To be more precise, since you say that I am wrong in claiming that hydrogen trucks for long distance are not the near universal solution by the trucking industry, and I have provided substantial lists of those who are, please provide a list of those who are not.

I will save you the bother.

Tesla.

And that is about it.

Googling how many trucks Tesla have on the road turns up something like 100.

Daimler, Kenworth and so on I have listed as looking to hydrogen as well as batteries have rather more.

Gasbag

@Roger

I find it telling that you would characterize my posts as “battery cheerleading.” I meant to provide an objective view of industries view of their future. I used google to search on trucking future and then provided the excerpts which were relevant to this thread. I reasoned that if there was a nearly universal opinion it would be evident in my search. I provided the links so anyone can review and confirm that there has been no cherry picking.

In my view your cheerleading accusation should either be directed at Google’s algorithm or at the those providing their views of the industries future.

From the environmental angle the pollutants from the battery life cycle are a fraction of that of the incumbent petro chemical/ICE. Moreover the increase in battery production is driving improvements in processes such as Direct Mineral Extraction reducing pollutants for more than just those needed for batteries.

My understanding is that the industry is using tanks made of composites. Locally there are restrictions on how old high pressure tanks can be. I believe 10 years. According to Hyfindr’s web site there are legal limitations to the number of times their tanks (used in Nexo) can be refilled. Their ste implies this is 4,500 which for daily refills in a 250 work year would be 18 years. This is a somewhat irrelevant digression.

Gasbag

@Davemart,

I think we are in agreement that our opinions and views aren’t what matters. I’d go on to say that what you refer to as the near universal industry opinion also doesn’t matter. What does matter is what industry buyers are willing and able to invest in. 100 Tesla trucks which are government subsidized amounts to little more than a proof of concept trial. The same can be said of hydrogen single digit deployments of FCTs. I believe this supports my contention that the industry has not settled on a solution for long heavy.

China has had over a million battery electric busses and commercial vehicles for awhile so for short light they seem to have settled on a solution. China is reporting significant success with battery swapping for short heavy. I would expect that this will expand to population and production centers over the next few years. Once that is in place it is a short hop to expanding to long heavy if an alternative has not taken hold.

Davemart

@Gasbag

You have stated that I was in error in claiming that hydrogen for long distance heavy is the almost universal choice of the trucking industry.

I have provided an extensive list of industry leaders who have made that choice.

You have provided zero to substantiate your own claim

You are entitled to your own opinion.

You are not entitled to your own facts.

Gasbag

@Davemart,

You’ve provided an extensive list of manufacturers that have produced announcements about FC products.
Apparently that is proof enough for you. When do you anticipate those product announcements will translate into actual products and sales?

I accept that you accept that the industry has nearly universal solution for long heavy and it is Hydrogen. I’m not trying to convince you otherwise.

For me those announcements and plans/hopes will be accepted as reality when they translate into product deployments.
Can you provide any announcements about annual sales totals? I regard FCT product announcements that aren’t backed up by sales as meaningless as BET product announcements that aren’t backed up by sales.

I have provided extensive examples of the the prevailing market opinions. I contend that those support my view. I accept that you reject that.

My claim is that long heavy NEV transport is an evolving nascent market. JAs such there is scant detailed information readily available on actual deployments.Can you be so kind as to provide what sources you rely on for sales totals for this market or cite sales totals? I’m open to being convinced of your view and sales totals would be the best way to convince me of that.

>You are entitled to your own opinion.
>You are not entitled to your own facts.

That’s a clever line though not original and from my perspective not really apropos here. Kindly Let me know what specific facts I’ve asserted that you doubt and I’ll try to document them for you as time permits.

peskanov

Everybody here seems to be ignoring the elephant on the room: is 20 minutes fast recharging of BEVs economically feasible or not?
Imho the technology is already demonstrated at comercial scale, and the numbers are good (specially for blade LFP).

H2 refuelling for heavy trucks lasts 10-20 minutes (depending on ambient temperature). If you loose that advantage, all that remains is price, and all I have seen in that question favors BEVs over FC systems.

Davemart

@peskanov

Fast recharging should work fine on the truck, any issues are more to do with supplying one heck of a lot of power for the local grid.

A liquid hydrogen truck can basically do the same distances as a diesel without needing to refuel.

I am a fan of trying different solutions and seeing how they pan out, not of trying to work out what 'should' work and excluding other solutions.

Personally my guess is that at some point through the road on the move charging is likely to come into play.

sd

I really doubt that we will see wide scale adoption of hydrogen trucking in the North American market. If the railroads would get their act together somewhat better, we would need very little long haul trucking. With the current, technology, we are running trains with 300 or more 53 ft containers in trains up to and over 2 miles (over 3 km) in length. The problem is scheduling so the transit times are more reliable and the economic length of the trips can be cut down to 500 miles to capture more of the available traffic. One of the major railroads, BNSF, and one of the major long haul trucking companies, JB Hunt are working on the problem. See https://www.jbhunt.com/our-company/case-studies/quantum

Anyway, with the capital that is available, I would concentrate of short haul or local delivery Battery Electric trucking before investing on the much more expensive hydrogen trucking.

peskanov

@Davemart,
my point is: if fast charging (at the 20 min mark) works, then both systems are pretty much equivalents in terms of use.
Yes, H2 truck will have to stop less often and refuelling time will be a bit better, but that's not a show stopper for BEVs, the difference is not that big. In that case TCO would win.

Not all truck companies are aiming at 20 min recharge, of course; many specs I have seen include 1 hour for fast charging.
It's interesting to see that China is moving in a different direction, using battery swapping batteries in trucks; that system requires lot's of extra batteries in the system, but cuts some cost on charging infrastructure.

GdB

The 70 kWh battery is only good for 600 meter climb or decent at 93% efficienc with 40 tons. A 200 or 300 kWh battery would be safer and less wasteful and allow much more city driving without the wasteful H2 energy losses.

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